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Garcés-León, DanielAutor (correspondència)Risk Assessment of Groundwater Contamination in the Gala, Tenguel, and Siete River Basins, Ponce Enriquez Mining Area—Ecuador
Publicat a:Sustainability. 15 (1): 403-403 - 2022-12-27 15(1), DOI: 10.3390/su15010403
Autors: Paulo Campoverde-Muñoz; Luis Aguilar-Salas; Paola Romero-Crespo; Priscila Valverde; Karla Villamar Marazita; Samantha Jiménez-Oyola; Daniel Garcés
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Resum
Groundwater is a strategic resource, which is experiencing a growing threat of contamination worldwide. This study aimed to assess the vulnerability of the groundwaters in the basins of the rivers Gala, Tenguel, and Siete in the Ponce Enriquez mining area, considering as a hypothesis that anthropogenic activities (mainly mining and agricultural) conducted in the area generate a high risk of contamination. Vulnerability to contamination was quantified using the DRASTIC and GOD methods. In addition, the risk of contamination (Rc) was calculated considering the vulnerability index (IV) and the danger index (IP). Geographic information system (GIS) environment was used for the spatial analysis and the generation of vulnerability maps. The DRASTIC method showed that the negligible-to-low vulnerability category was predominant (50.7% of the area), followed by moderate vulnerability (25.6%), and high-to-extreme vulnerability (23.7%). Regarding the GOD method, the low and medium vulnerability categories were predominant in 41.4% and 27.5% of the area, respectively. Both methods agree that the center area, where the mining activities are located, has a vulnerability ranging from negligible to moderate. The IP was low in the eastern zone (58.7 km2) and ranged from moderate (426.2 km2) to high in the central and western zones (371.1 km2), where mining activities predominate. The RC revealed that 20% of the study area corresponded to a high contamination index; from which, 87% comes from agricultural activities, 9% from mining activities, and 4% due to shrimp farms and urban areas. This is the first study that evaluates the vulnerability to the contamination of groundwater in a mining area of Ecuador. The results of this research can serve as a baseline for future research, since the methodology used provides information on the priority areas for the protection of aquifers, considering the current land use in the study area.
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Impacte bibliomètric. Anàlisi de la contribució i canal de difusió
El treball ha estat publicat a la revista Sustainability a causa de la seva progressió i el bon impacte que ha aconseguit en els últims anys, segons l'agència Scopus (SJR), s'ha convertit en una referència en el seu camp. A l'any de publicació del treball, 2022, es trobava a la posició , aconseguint així situar-se com a revista Q1 (Primer Cuartil), en la categoria Geography, Planning and Development.
Des d'una perspectiva relativa, i atenent a l'indicador de impacte normalitzat calculat a partir del Field Citation Ratio (FCR) de la font Dimensions, proporciona un valor de: 2.32, el que indica que, comparat amb treballs en la mateixa disciplina i en el mateix any de publicació, el situa com un treball citat per sobre de la mitjana. (font consultada: Dimensions Sep 2025)
Concretament, i atenent a les diferents agències d'indexació, aquest treball ha acumulat, fins a la data 2025-09-19, el següent nombre de cites:
- Open Alex: 7
Impacte i visibilitat social
Anàlisi del lideratge dels autors institucionals
Hi ha un lideratge significatiu, ja que alguns dels autors pertanyents a la institució apareixen com a primer o últim signant, es pot apreciar en el detall: Últim Autor (GARCES LEON, DANIEL OMAR).
l'autor responsable d'establir les tasques de correspondència ha estat GARCES LEON, DANIEL OMAR.