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Analysis of institutional authors

Lopez-Delgado, Ignacio ECorresponding AuthorGrajal, JesusAuthor

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December 12, 2025
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Gait Symmetry Analysis With FMCW MIMO Radar

Publicated to: Ieee Transactions On Microwave Theory And Techniques. 73 (8): 4340-4350 - 2025-02-26 73(8), DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2025.3542183

Authors:

Lopez-Delgado, Ignacio E; Wang, Dingyang; Fioranelli, Francesco; Grajal, Jesus
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Affiliations

Delft Univ Technol, Microwave Sensing Signals & Syst Grp MS3, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid, Informat Proc & Telecommun Ctr, Madrid 28040, Spain - Author

Abstract

Monitoring gait symmetry reliably is crucial, as it is an early indicator of Parkinson's disease (PD). In this work, a method is presented to analyze gait asymmetries using a 24-GHz frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar in a nonclinical environment. The proposed method is validated by analyzing the gait of 60 people recorded in an environment that presents multiple challenges such as multipath, gait interruption events, and different trajectories, which cause aspect angle variability. This article presents algorithms to address these challenges to extract useful gait information from the radar data and discusses the performance of the proposed system, analyzing the ratio of correct feet identifications and the accuracy of the asymmetry gait parameters. It achieved a mean absolute error of the symmetry ratio below 8% for all gait parameters. This shows that the proposed system and algorithms are robust for both clinical and in-home implementations.
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Keywords

AccuracyAzimuthData miningDiseasesEarly indicatorsFootFrequency modulated continous wavesFrequency shift keyingFrequency-modulated continuous-wave (fmcw) radarFrequency-modulated-continuous-wave radarsGait analysisGait parametersGait symmetriesGait symmetryImage codingImage compressionImage segmentationImage thinningMimo radarMultiple outputsMultiple-input-multiple-output (mimo) radarMultiple-inputaa€â multiple-output radarMultiple-inputââ€â multiple-output (mimo) radarParkinson's diseaseParkinson's disease (pd)Parkinsonaa€â™s diseaseParkinsonââ€â™s disease (pd)RadarReceiversSignal processing algorithmsSymmetry analysisTransmitters

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Ieee Transactions On Microwave Theory And Techniques due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2025, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category . Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2025-12-19:

  • WoS: 2
  • Scopus: 2
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-12-19:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 3.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 8 (PlumX).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Netherlands.

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (LOPEZ DELGADO, IGNACIO ESTEBAN) and Last Author (GRAJAL DE LA FUENTE, JESUS).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been LOPEZ DELGADO, IGNACIO ESTEBAN.

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Awards linked to the item

This work was supported by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and NextGenerationEU/PRTR under Grant PID2020-113979RB-C21 and Grant PID2021-128469OB-I00. The work of Ignacio E. Lopez-Delgado was supported in part by FPU Fellowship through Spanish Ministry of Innovation, Science and Universities under Grant FPU20/06405 and Grant EST24/00008. The work of Dingyang Wang and Francesco Fioranelli was supported in part by Dutch Research Council (NWO) through RAD-ART, DARE, and NERD.
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