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Analysis of institutional authors

Jimenez RpCorresponding AuthorPlatero Gaona CaAuthor

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June 19, 2023
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Synchronous condenser for European grid code compliance: a case study of a PV power plant in Spain

Publicated to: IEEE Access. 11 54713-54723 - 2023-01-01 11(), DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3281532

Authors:

Jiménez, RP; Platero, CA; Sánchez, ME; Barneto, ER
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Affiliations

Eselec Ingenieros - Author
ESELEC, Madrid 28008, Spain - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid, Escuela Tecn Super Ingn Ind, Madrid 28006, Spain - Author
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid - Author
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Abstract

The massive integration of renewable energies into the grid towards the de-carbonisation of the power system has a major impact on the stability of the grid. This has led the European Union to establish guidelines on how renewable plants should be connected to the grid, in order to continue to guarantee their operation and stability. These requirements are contained in the European Grid Code. In this code, there are requirements concerning voltage control, reactive power capacity, fault-ride-through and short-circuit current contribution capabilities of renewable power plants. These plants, in particular those powered by photovoltaic inverters, have issues of reactive power capacity, so in order to be able to connect to the grid, they usually require an oversized of the inverters or the installation of reactive power compensation elements, such as capacitor banks, static VAR compensator or synchronous condensers. Moreover, the fault-ride-through and short-circuit current contribution are difficult to fulfil as they are inverter-based generators have a low capacity to supply short-circuit current and, in some cases, they disconnect from the grid. These facts have produced large power losses and protection malfunctions in power system with high photovoltaic power penetration. This paper studies the compliance of the European Grid Code of a 500 MW photovoltaic power plant with and without a synchronous condenser. The results show that not only the use of the synchronous condenser helps for reactive power regulation but also for fault-ride-through and short-circuit current contribution.
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Keywords

codeseuropeeuropean grid codegeneratorsinverterpower gridspower system stabilityreactive power capabilityrenewable energyrenewable energy sourcesrms simulationsrobustnesssynchronous condenservoltage controlwindCodesEuropeEuropean grid codeGeneratorsInverterOptimal allocationPower gridsPower system stabilityReactive powerReactive power capabilityRenewable energyRenewable energy sourcesRms simulationsRobustnessSynchronous condenserVoltage control

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal IEEE Access due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2023, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Engineering (Miscellaneous).

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 1.8. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 13, 2025)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 2.07 (source consulted: FECYT Mar 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2026-04-09, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 9
  • Scopus: 12
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-09:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 19 (PlumX).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (PASCUAL JIMENEZ, RUBEN) .

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been PASCUAL JIMENEZ, RUBEN.

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