July 17, 2023
Publications
>
Article

Non-Destructive Measurements for 3D Modeling and Monitoring of Large Buildings Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning and Unmanned Aerial Systems

Publicated to: SENSORS. 23 (12): 5678- - 2023-06-01 23(12), DOI: 10.3390/s23125678

Authors:

Nap, ME; Chiorean, S; Cira, CI; Manso-Callejo, MA; Paunescu, V; Suba, EE; Salagean, T
[+]

Affiliations

Univ Agr Sci & Vet Med Cluj Napoca, Fac Forestry & Cadastre, Dept Land Measurements & Exact Sci, Cluj Napoca 400372, Romania - Author
Univ Agron Sci & Vet Med Bucharest, Fac Land Reclamat & Environm Engn, Dept Math Phys & Measurements, Bucharest 011464, Romania - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid, Dept Ingn Topograf & Cartog, ETSI Topog Geodesia & Cartog, Madrid 28031, Spain - Author
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid - Author
Universitatea de Stiinte Agricole si Medicina Veterinara din Cluj-Napoca - Author
Universitatea de Stiinte Agronomice si Medicina Veterinara din Bucuresti - Author
See more

Abstract

Along with the development and improvement of measuring technologies and techniques in recent times, new methods have appeared to model and monitor the behavior of land and constructions over time. The main purpose of this research was to develop a new methodology to model and monitor large buildings in a non-invasive way. The methods proposed in this research are non-destructive and can be used to monitor the behavior of buildings over time. A method of comparing point clouds obtained using terrestrial laser scanning combined with aerial photogrammetric methods was used in this study. The advantages and disadvantages of using non-destructive measurement techniques over the classic methods were also analyzed. With a building located in the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca campus as a case study and with the help of the proposed methods, the deformations over time of the facades of that building were determined. As one of the main conclusions of this case study, it can be stated that the proposed methods are adequate to model and monitor the behavior of constructions over time, ensuring a satisfactory degree of precision and accuracy. The methodology can be successfully applied to other similar projects.
[+]

Keywords

3d monitoringtlsuas3d modeling3d monitoringLasersPhotogrammetryTlsUas

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal SENSORS due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2023, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Instrumentation.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 1.46. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 13, 2025)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 1.58 (source consulted: FECYT Mar 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2026-04-27, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 8
  • Scopus: 12
  • Europe PMC: 1
  • Google Scholar: 2
[+]

Impact and social visibility

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://oa.upm.es/85331/

As a result of the publication of the work in the institutional repository, statistical usage data has been obtained that reflects its impact. In terms of dissemination, we can state that, as of

  • Views: 108
  • Downloads: 117
[+]

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Oman; Rumanía.

[+]