{rfName}
Hi

Indexed in

License and Use

Icono OpenAccess

Citations

16

Altmetrics

Analysis of institutional authors

Vazquez-Seisdedos, LuisAuthor

Share

April 15, 2024
Publications
>
Article
Sí

Hierarchical Control of Power Distribution in the Hybrid Energy Storage System of an Ultrafast Charging Station for Electric Vehicles

Publicated to: Energies. 17 (6): 1393- - 2024-03-01 17(6), DOI: 10.3390/en17061393

Authors:

Blanch-Fortuna, A; Zambrano-Prada, D; López-Santos, O; El Aroudi, A; Vázquez-Seisdedos, L; Martinez-Salamero, L
[+]

Affiliations

Rovira i Virgili Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Dept Elect Elect & Automat Control Engn, Grp Automat Control & Ind Elect GAEI, Tarragona 43007, Spain - Author
Tech Univ Madrid, Sch Forestry Engn & Nat Resources, Dept Forestry Engn & Management, Electrotech Teaching Unit, Madrid, Spain - Author

Abstract

This paper presents a two-level hierarchical control method for the power distribution between the hybrid energy storage system (HESS) and the main dc bus of a microgrid for ultrafast charging of electric vehicles (EVs). The HESS is composed of a supercapacitor and a battery and is an essential part to fulfill the charging demand of EVs in a microgrid made up of a 220 VRMS ac bus, two dc buses of 600 V and 1500 V, respectively, and four charging points. A state machine defines the four operating modes of the HESS and establishes the conditions for the corresponding transitions among them, namely, charging the battery and the supercapacitor from the bus, injecting the current from the HESS into the 1500 V dc bus to ensure the power balance in the microgrid, regulating the bus voltage, and establishing the disconnection mode. The primary level of the control system regulates the current and voltage of the battery, supercapacitor, and dc bus, while the secondary level establishes the operating mode of the HESS and provides the appropriate references to the primary level. In the primary level, sliding mode control (SMC) is used in both the battery and supercapacitor in the inner loop of a cascade control that implements the standard constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging protocol. In the same level, linear control is applied in the CV phase of the protocol and for bus voltage regulation or the current injection into the bus. PSIM simulations of the operating modes and their corresponding transitions verify the theoretical predictions.
[+]

Keywords

Hybrid energy storage systemPower sharingSliding mode controSliding mode controlUltrafast charging station

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Energies due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2024 there are still no calculated indicators, but in 2023, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Engineering (Miscellaneous).

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2026-04-25:

  • WoS: 7
  • Scopus: 7
[+]

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-25:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 11 (PlumX).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://oa.upm.es/90118/

As a result of the publication of the work in the institutional repository, statistical usage data has been obtained that reflects its impact. In terms of dissemination, we can state that, as of

  • Views: 105
  • Downloads: 74
[+]

Awards linked to the item

No Statement Available
[+]