May 5, 2024
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Article

Innovative Metaheuristic Optimization Approach with a Bi-Triad for Rehabilitation Exoskeletons

Publicated to: SENSORS. 24 (7): 2231- - 2024-04-01 24(7), DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072231

Authors:

Mendez, Deira Sosa; Cena, Cecilia E Garcia; Bedolla-Martinez, David; Gonzalez, Antonio Martin
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Affiliations

Ecole Technol Super, Elect Engn, 1100 Notre Dame St W, Montreal, PQ H3C 1K3, Canada - Author
Hosp Univ 12 Octubre, Unidad Tecnol Avanzadas Diseno & Impres 3D, Ave Cordoba S-N, Madrid 28041, Spain - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid, Escuela Tecn Super Ingn & Diseno Ind, Ctr Automation & Robot, Ctr Automat & Robot, Ronda Valencia 3, Madrid 28012, Spain - Author
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Abstract

The present work proposes a comprehensive metaheuristic methodology for the development of a medical robot for the upper limb rehabilitation, which includes the topological optimization of the device, kinematic models (5 DOF), human-robot interface, control and experimental tests. This methodology applies two cutting-edge triads: (1) the three points of view in engineering design (client, designer and community) and (2) the triad formed by three pillars of Industry 4.0 (autonomous machines and systems, additive manufacturing and simulation of virtual environments). By applying the proposed procedure, a robotic mechanism was obtained with a reduction of more than 40% of its initial weight and a human-robot interface with three modes of operation and a biomechanically viable kinematic model for humans. The digital twin instance and its evaluation through therapeutic routines with and without disturbances was assessed; the average RMSEs obtained were 0.08 rad and 0.11 rad, respectively. The proposed methodology is applicable to any medical robot, providing a versatile and effective solution for optimizing the design and development of healthcare devices. It adopts an innovative and scalable approach to enhance their processes.
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Keywords

CommerceComputer simulationDesign optimizationEngineeringExoskeleton deviceHumansIndustry 4.0Rehabilitation roboticsRoboticsTopological optimizationUpper limb exoskeleton

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal SENSORS due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2024 there are still no calculated indicators, but in 2023, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Instrumentation.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2026-04-26:

  • WoS: 3
  • Scopus: 4
  • Europe PMC: 1
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-26:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 50.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 48 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 1.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 1 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://oa.upm.es/90188/

As a result of the publication of the work in the institutional repository, statistical usage data has been obtained that reflects its impact. In terms of dissemination, we can state that, as of

  • Views: 142
  • Downloads: 70
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Canada.

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (SOSA MENDEZ, DEIRA) .

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been SOSA MENDEZ, DEIRA.

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Awards linked to the item

The first author would like to thank to CONAHCYT (Mexican National Council of Humanities, Science and Technology) for the support under grant 795353. CONAHCYT was previously named CONACYT (Mexican National Council of Science and Technology).
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