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The authors are thankful to the Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONAHCyT) , the Instituto Politecnico Nacional for the support received in SIP 20240701 and SIP 20242785, EDI grant, all from SIP/IPN and The Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) for the project ELAST with reference: PID2021-123978NB-I00.

Analysis of institutional authors

Torres-Ariza, Jose LAuthorSaez, Luis MartinezAuthor

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September 15, 2024
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Oblique pole-side crash assessment using the six-year-old HBM PIPER

Publicated to:Heliyon. 10 (16): e35927- - 2024-08-30 10(16), DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35927

Authors: Torres-Ariza, JL; Sáez, LM; Torres-San Miguel, CR

Affiliations

Inst Politecn Nacl, Escuela Super Ingn Mecan & Electr, Secc Estudios Posgrad & Invest Unidad Profes Adol, ,Zacatenco Edificio 5,2 Piso Col Lindavista, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid, Inst Univ Invest Automovil Francisco Aparicio Izq, Campus Sur UPM,Carretera Valencia,Km 7, Madrid 28031, Spain - Author

Abstract

Side impact crashes are one of the most dangerous impact scenarios that a child can suffer. Studies by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) have shown that the head and Thorax regions are affected severely. The objective of this work is to perform a numerical evaluation of the oblique pole-side test considering the FMVSS 214-P standard to estimate the Head, Neck, and Thorax injuries for a six-year-old child positioned in the rear seat without any Child Restraint System, two configurations were performed for the oblique pole-side impact: a nearside and a far-side positioning configuration. A six-year-old Human Body Model (HBM) denominated Scalable PIPER Child Model, and the Ford Explorer 2003 were used to perform the test in the LS DYNA (R) (R) software to assess the biomechanics involved in the crash scenarios. The approach considered a comparative case study with the baseline of the six-year-old child PIPER model to ensure that the positioning adjustment has not affected the mesh quality and interior components for the PIPER child model. The outcomes obtained in case 1 show that the modified PIPER child model has slight outcomes at the shoulder and pelvis zone due to the differences in the body positioning and not by the mesh or the interior interaction between the components. The outcomes obtained in case 2 reflect that the nearside setup obtained the higher measurements for the child occupant. The Ac 3 ms for Head at nearside test to overcome the Side Criteria established by the Assessment Protocol Child Occupant Protection by Euro NCAP, the kinematics behavior demonstrates the importance of researching children in side crashes to enhance child security, especially in the oblique pole side impact.

Keywords

BiomechanicsChildCrashOblique pole-side testPipePiper

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Heliyon due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2024 there are still no calculated indicators, but in 2023, it was in position 28/134, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Multidisciplinary Sciences.

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-13:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 14 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

    It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

    • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.

    Leadership analysis of institutional authors

    This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Mexico.

    There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (TORRES ARIZA, JOSE LUIS) .