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Impact on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Analysis of institutional authors

Hurtado-Figueroa, OswaldoCorresponding AuthorPrieto, María IsabelAuthorEscamilla, Alfonso CoboAuthor

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August 7, 2025
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Effect of fiber-matrix interaction and embedment length on the pullout behavior of rice straw fibers embedded in clay matrix

Publicated to: Results in Engineering. 27 106144- - 2025-09-01 27(), DOI: 10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106144

Authors:

Hurtado-Figueroa, Oswaldo; Varum, Humberto; Prieto, Maria Isabel; Amaya, Romel J Gallardo; Escamilla, Alfonso Cobo
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Affiliations

Univ Francisco Paula Santander Ocana UFPSO, Grp Invest Construcc Geotecnia & Medio Ambiente GI, Ocana 546552, Colombia - Author
Univ litecn Madrid UPM, Escuela Tecn Super Edificacio, Madrid 28040, Spain - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid UPM, Dept Tecnol Edificac, Madrid 26040, Spain - Author
Univ Porto, Fac Engn, Dept Engn Civil, FEUP,CONSTRUCT LESE, P-4200465 Porto, Portugal - Author
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Abstract

Earth as a building material is considered an environmentally friendly alternative for implementation in modern construction. The improvement of mixtures with clay matrix presents advances in their mechanical resistance by adding vegetable fibers as reinforcement. Some research concludes its results based on destructive testing without a thorough analysis of fiber-matrix interaction. In the present study, fiber-matrix interaction phenomena were analyzed using the single-fiber pullout test. The test was performed on rice straw fibers mercerized in 1 %, 2 %, and 3 % NaOH solutions embedded 5 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm in a clay matrix stabilized with Carboxymethylcellulose and Cassava starch. The importance of NaOH treatment improving the surface roughness of the fibers was demonstrated. The surface modification favored the adhesion of the matrix to the fiber causing opposition to detachment. The geometrical irregularities of some fibers caused friction phenomena that required higher forces than those exerted in the initial detachment. The fibers treated in 1 % NaOH solution with an exposure time of 1 hour and embedded for 10 mm showed higher initial detachment force and opposition to displacement due to friction phenomena. The rigidity of the straw treated with 2 % NaOH solution for 2 h prevented its confinement by shrinkage due to drying of the matrix, a phenomenon that facilitated its extraction due to minimal opposition to friction. The low bonding stress of the plant fibers with the clay matrix favors the semi-ductile behavior of the green composite The single-fiber pullout test on vegetable fibers embedded in clay matrixes allows for identifying the fiber-matrix interaction and the optimal working length.
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Keywords

Alkaline treatmenAlkaline treatmentBuilding materialsClay matrixEmbedment lengthFiber bondingFiber-matrix interactionFiber/matrix interactionsFibersFrictionInteraction lengthMatrixNaoh solutionsPlants (botany)Rice strawRice straw fibersRice strawsShrinkageSingle-fiber pull-out testSingle-fiber pullout testSodium hydroxideSurface roughnessSurface treatmentTribologyVegetablesZero hunger

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Results in Engineering due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2025, it was in position 6/179, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Engineering, Multidisciplinary. Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2026-04-25:

  • WoS: 2
  • Scopus: 1
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-25:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 14 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

    It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

    • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
    • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://oa.upm.es/93319/

    As a result of the publication of the work in the institutional repository, statistical usage data has been obtained that reflects its impact. In terms of dissemination, we can state that, as of

    • Views: 38
    • Downloads: 22
    Continuing with the social impact of the work, it is important to emphasize that, due to its content, it can be assigned to the area of interest of ODS 2 - End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture, with a probability of 66% according to the mBERT algorithm developed by Aurora University.
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    Leadership analysis of institutional authors

    This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Colombia; Portugal.

    There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (HURTADO FIGUEROA, OSWALDO) and Last Author (COBO ESCAMILLA, ALFONSO).

    the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been HURTADO FIGUEROA, OSWALDO.

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    Project objectives

    Los objetivos perseguidos en esta aportación se centran en analizar la interacción fibra-matriz y su influencia en el comportamiento de extracción de fibras de paja de arroz en una matriz de arcilla. Se pretende evaluar el efecto del tratamiento con soluciones de NaOH al 1 %, 2 % y 3 % sobre la rugosidad superficial de las fibras y su adhesión a la matriz. Además, se busca determinar la influencia de la longitud de empotramiento (5 mm, 10 mm y 15 mm) en la fuerza de detención inicial y la oposición al desplazamiento por fenómenos de fricción. También se pretende caracterizar el comportamiento mecánico del compuesto verde y establecer la longitud óptima de trabajo mediante ensayos de extracción de fibra individual.
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    Most relevant results

    El estudio analizó la interacción fibra-matriz y la longitud de embebimiento en fibras de paja de arroz en matriz arcillosa mediante ensayos de tracción unifilar. Se demostró que el tratamiento con NaOH mejora la rugosidad superficial de las fibras, favoreciendo la adhesión y resistencia al desprendimiento. Las fibras tratadas con 1 % NaOH durante 1 hora y embebidas 10 mm presentaron mayor fuerza inicial de desprendimiento y mayor oposición al desplazamiento por fricción. La rigidez de fibras tratadas con 2 % NaOH por 2 horas impidió su confinamiento por contracción, facilitando su extracción. La baja tensión de unión entre fibras y matriz favorece un comportamiento semidúctil del composite.
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