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Analysis of institutional authors

Ryu, Yu KyoungCorresponding AuthorMartinez, JavierCorresponding Author

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November 11, 2025
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Influence of stretching on the properties of laser-induced graphene on polyurethane strain sensors

Publicated to: JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS. 58 (44): 445304- - 2025-11-03 58(44), DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/ae1599

Authors:

Hoppe, C; Ryu, YK; Martinez, J
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Affiliations

Univ Politecn Madrid, Dept Fis Aplicada Ingn Mat, ETSI Ind, C Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, Madrid 28006, Spain - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid, ETSI Caminos Canales & Puertos, Dept Ciencia Mat CIME, C Prof Aranguren S-N, Madrid 28040, Spain - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid, Inst Sistemas Optoelect & Microtecnol, Ave Complutense 30, Madrid 28040, Spain - Author
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Abstract

In today's digital age, the interest in wearable electronics has been growing distinctively. However, the fabrication of lightweight, stretchable and reasonably priced conductors is still challenging. Due to its high electrical conductivity, and three-dimensional porous structure, laser-induced graphene (LIG) is predestined as one of the active materials of choice in flexible sensors. With the laser-induced transformation of carbonic precursors, a low-cost, time-efficient, facile and scalable production technique of graphene like materials has emerged. Herein, we used this method to generate LIG on the surface of polyimide (PI) using a CO2 laser with a wavelength of 10.6 mu m and subsequently transferring the pattern to Fixomull (R), a commercial medical grade polyurethane. Afterwards, a detailed characterization of the elastomeric conductive polymer composite LIG/Fixomull under different deformation levels was performed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and van der Pauw sheet resistance measurements gave a better understanding of the performance of the LIG-based strain sensor as a function of the stretching degree in correlation to the changes that the porous structure of the material was undergoing. Our flexible LIG/Fixomull sensor demonstrates high stretchability of min. 80%, a linear range up to 30% strain and reliable data acquisition up to 60% strain, as well as a stable signal output for 20 subsequent stretch-release cycles to 30% strain.
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Keywords

ElectrodesLaser-induced graphenePolyimidePolyurethaneStrain sensorsStretchable conductors

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2025, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Acoustics and Ultrasonics.

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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-24:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 1 (PlumX).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://oa.upm.es/91849/

As a result of the publication of the work in the institutional repository, statistical usage data has been obtained that reflects its impact. In terms of dissemination, we can state that, as of

  • Views: 40
  • Downloads: 36
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Hoppe, Cornelia) and Last Author (MARTINEZ RODRIGO, JAVIER).

the authors responsible for correspondence tasks have been RYU CHO, YU KYOUNG and MARTINEZ RODRIGO, JAVIER.

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Awards linked to the item

This study was funded by project PID2023-146988OB-C22 by MCIU/AEI /10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE. We acknowledge the service from the MiNa Laboratory at IMN, and funding from CM (project S2018/NMT-4291 TEC2SPACE), MINECO (project CSIC13-4E-1794) and EU (FEDER, FSE). The authors also would like to acknowledge ICTS Micronanofabs.
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