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Analysis of institutional authors

Carrizosa M.j., Universidad Politécnica De MadridAuthorMahtani K., Universidad Politécnica De MadridAuthorPlatero C.a., Universidad Politécnica De MadridAuthor

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February 19, 2026
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A Ground Fault Location and Severity Estimation Method for Modular Multilevel Converters

Publicated to: IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS. 61 (3): 3944-3957 - 2025-01-01 61(3), DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2025.3542732

Authors:

Guerrero JM; Blazquez-Campanon A; D'Arco S; Carrizosa MJ; Mahtani K; Platero CA
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Affiliations

Department of Automatics; Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Industrial Informatics; ETS de Ingenieros Industriales; Madrid; 28003; Spain - Author
Department of Electrical Engineering of Universidad del País Vasco; Leioa; 48940; Spain - Author
ETS de Ingenieros de Minas y Energía; Centro de Electrónica Industrial (CEI-UPM); Department of Energy and Fuels; Madrid; 28003; Spain - Author
SINTEF Energy Research; Trondheim; 7034; Norway - Author
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Abstract

The need of efficient electric transmission systems, the rise of renewable energy production, and the development of battery storage systems have driven the adoption of Modular Multilevel Converters (MMC), which offer better performance than conventional converters. However, the diagnosis of electrical faults in MMC is more challenging because more components are involved in the fault circuit. Particularly, ground faults (GF) are the most common type of faults in power systems, yet their diagnosis has not been extensively studied for AC-DC converters, where most industrial relays fail. This paper proposes a GF location method for MMCs based on the use of a high-value grounding resistor placed at the DC midpoint or AC neutral point. By measuring the voltage between its terminals and conducting frequency analysis, the fault position and fault resistance can be accurately located. The novelty of this method lies in its ability to locate the GFs on the AC side, DC side, or within a faulty submodule (SM) of the MMC. Numerous simulations were performed on a half-bridge three-phase MMC converter, yielding excellent results. Additionally, experimental tests were performed on a 60 kVA 12-level full-bridge three-phase MMC, validating the method. © 1972-2012 IEEE.
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Keywords

Ac-ac power convertersDc power transmissionDc-dc convertersElectric groundingElectric invertersElectric transmission systemsElectrical fault detectionElectrical fault detectionsEstimation methodsFault current limitersFault detectionFault locationFault-current limiterFrequency estimationFrequency responseGround faultsModularsMultilevel converterMultilevel convertersPower distribution faultsRenewable energiesThree phaseThree phasisTime difference of arrivalVoltage measurementVoltage-source converters

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2025, it was in position 27/179, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Engineering, Multidisciplinary.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2026-04-24:

  • Scopus: 1
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Impact and social visibility

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://oa.upm.es/94136/

As a result of the publication of the work in the institutional repository, statistical usage data has been obtained that reflects its impact. In terms of dissemination, we can state that, as of

  • Views: 21
  • Downloads: 22
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Norway.

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: Last Author (PLATERO GAONA, CARLOS ANTONIO).

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