June 9, 2019
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Speech to sign language translation system for Spanish

Publicated to: SPEECH COMMUNICATION. 50 (11-12): 1009-1020 - 2008-12-01 50(11-12), DOI: 10.1016/j.specom.2008.02.001

Authors:

San-Segundo, R; Barra, R; Cordoba, R; D'Haro, L F; Fernandez, F; Ferreiros, J; Lucas, J M; Macias-Guarasa, J; Montero, J M; Pardo, J M
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Affiliations

Univ Alcala De Henares, Dept Elect, Alcala De Henares, Spain - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid, Grp Tecnol Habla, Dept Ingn Elect, ETSI Telecomunicac, E-28040 Madrid, Spain - Author

Abstract

This paper describes the development of and the first experiments in a Spanish to sign language translation system in a real domain. The developed system focuses oil the sentences spoken by ail official when assisting people applying for, or renewing their identity Card. The system translates official explanations into Spanish Sign Language (LSE: Lengua de Signos Espanola) for Deaf people. The translation system is made up of a speech recognizer (for decoding the spoken utterance into a word sequence), a natural language translator (for converting a word sequence into a sequence of signs belonging to the sign language), and a 3D avatar animation module (for playing back the]land movements). Two proposals for natural language translation have been evaluated: a rule-based translation module (that computes sign confidence measures from the word confidence measures obtained in the speech recognition module) and a statistical translation module (in this case, parallel corpora were used for training the statistical model). The best configuration reported 31.6% SER (Sign Error Rate) and 0.5780 BLEU (BiLingual Evaluation Understudy). The paper also describes the eSIGN 3D avatar animation module (considering the sign confidence), and the limitations found when implementing a strategy for reducing the delay between the spoken utterance and the sign sequence animation. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Keywords

Machine translationSign animationSpanish sign language (lse)Spoken language translation

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal SPEECH COMMUNICATION due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2008, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2026-04-24:

  • WoS: 59
  • Scopus: 80
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-24:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 141.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 141 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 9.

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://oa.upm.es/2139/

As a result of the publication of the work in the institutional repository, statistical usage data has been obtained that reflects its impact. In terms of dissemination, we can state that, as of

  • Views: 824
  • Downloads: 842
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (SAN SEGUNDO HERNANDEZ, RUBEN) and Last Author (PARDO MUÑOZ, JOSE MANUEL).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been SAN SEGUNDO HERNANDEZ, RUBEN.

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Awards linked to the item

The authors would like to thank the eSIGN (Essential Sign Language Information on Government Networks) consortium for giving us permission to use of the eSIGN Editor and the 3D avatar in this research work. This work has been supported by the following projects ATI-NA (UPM-DGUI-CAM. Ref: CCG06-UPM/COM-516), ROBINT (MEC Ref: DPI2004-07908-C02) and EDEC-AN (MEC Ref. TIN2005-08660-C04). The work presented here was carried out while Javier Macias-Guarasa was a member of the Speech Technology Group (Department of Electronic Engineering, ETSIT de Telecomunicacion. Universidad Politecnica de Madrid). Authors also want to thank Mark Hallett for the English revision.
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