June 9, 2019
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Detection and quantification of peanut traces in wheat flour by near infrared hyperspectral imaging spectroscopy using principal-component analysis

Publicated to: JOURNAL OF NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY. 23 (1): 15-22 - 2015-01-01 23(1), DOI: 10.1255/jnirs.1141

Authors:

Mishra, Puneet; Herrero-Langreo, Ana; Barreiro, Pilar; Roger, Jean Michel; Diezma, Belen; Gorretta, Nathatie; Lleo, Lourdes
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Affiliations

Irstea, UMR ITAP, F-34196 Montpellier 5, France - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid, CEI Moncloa, ETSI Agron, Dept Ingn Rural,LPF Tagralia, E-28040 Madrid, Spain - Author

Abstract

The use of a common environment for processing different powder foods in the industry has increased the risk of finding peanut traces in powder foods. The analytical methods commonly used for detection of peanut such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) represent high specificity and sensitivity but are destructive and time-consuming, and require highly skilled experimenters. The feasibility of NIR hyperspectral imaging WISH is studied for the detection of peanut traces down to 0.01% by weight. A principal-component analysis IPCA) was carried out on a dataset of peanut and flour spectra. The obtained Loadings were applied to the HSI images of adulterated wheat flour samples with peanut traces. As a result, HSI images were reduced to score images with enhanced contrast between peanut and flour particles. Finally, a threshold was fixed in score images to obtain a binary classification image, and the percentage of peanut adulteration was compared with the percentage of pixels identified as peanut particles. This study allowed the detection of traces of peanut down to 0.01% and quantification of peanut adulteration from 10% to 0.1% with a coefficient of determination (r(2)) of 0.946. These results show the feasibility of using HSI systems for the detection of peanut traces in conjunction with chemical procedures, such as RT-PCR and ELISA to facilitate enhanced quality-control surveillance on food-product processing lines.
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Keywords

AdulterationAllergenClassificationDifferentiationFoodHyperspectralMelamineNirPeanutPrincipal-component analysisReal-time pcr

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal JOURNAL OF NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY, and although the journal is classified in the quartile Q3 (Agencia WoS (JCR)), its regional focus and specialization in Spectroscopy, give it significant recognition in a specific niche of scientific knowledge at an international level.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 1.27. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 13, 2025)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 1.96 (source consulted: FECYT Mar 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2026-04-26, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 42
  • Scopus: 54
  • Google Scholar: 70
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-26:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 59.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 59 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 42.
  • The number of mentions on the social network Facebook: 1 (Altmetric).
  • The number of mentions in news outlets: 5 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://oa.upm.es/36557/

As a result of the publication of the work in the institutional repository, statistical usage data has been obtained that reflects its impact. In terms of dissemination, we can state that, as of

  • Views: 524
  • Downloads: 34
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: France.

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Mishra, Puneet) and Last Author (LLEO GARCIA, LOURDES).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Mishra, Puneet.

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