June 9, 2019
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Experimental determination of some physical properties of gasoline, ethanol and ETBE ternary blends

Publicated to: FUEL. 156 81-86 - 2015-09-15 156(), DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2015.04.040

Authors:

Rodriguez-Anton, Luis Miguel; Gutierrez-Martin, Fernando; Martinez-Arevalo, Carmen
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Affiliations

Univ Politecn Madrid, Dept Mech Chem & Ind Design Engn, ETSIDI - Author

Abstract

The addition of oxygenated renewable fuels, such as ethanol or ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) to standard gasoline may be necessary to comply with some environmental directives but could also prevent compliance with some fuel regulations and could also seriously change engine performance. From this point of view, the Reid Vapour Pressure (RVP), the distillation curve, the oxygen content and the density belong to the group of the most relevant parameters. This study evaluates the influence of the simultaneous addition of ethanol and ETBE on some physical properties of engine gasoline. The main conclusion is that the simultaneous addition of ETBE and ethanol changes the RVP, the distillation curve and the density in a way that can affect engine operation and the mandatory EN 228 and ASTM D4814 standards. Some opposite properties of both oxygenates could help to increase the renewable energy content without preventing compliance with these regulations. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Keywords

DensityDistillation curveEtbeEthanolExhaust emissionsFuelGasolinePerformanceReid vapor pressure (rvp)Spark-ignition engineVapor-pressureVolatility properties

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal FUEL due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2015, it was in position 23/88, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Energy & Fuels.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations from Scopus Elsevier, it yields a value for the Field-Weighted Citation Impact from the Scopus agency: 1.34, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 13, 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2026-04-08, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 34
  • Scopus: 41
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-08:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 71 (PlumX).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://oa.upm.es/41424/

As a result of the publication of the work in the institutional repository, statistical usage data has been obtained that reflects its impact. In terms of dissemination, we can state that, as of

  • Views: 494
  • Downloads: 1,280
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (RODRIGUEZ ANTON, LUIS MIGUEL) and Last Author (MARTINEZ AREVALO, CARMEN).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been RODRIGUEZ ANTON, LUIS MIGUEL.

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Awards linked to the item

This work was sponsored by the 'Fuels and Petrochemical Laboratory' of the 'Gomez Pardo' Foundation. The authors gratefully thank the undergraduate students Julia Gomez and Oscar del Saz of the Universidad Politecnica of Madrid for carrying out the laboratory tests. The authors also wish to thank REPSOL and Acciona Energy for providing the fuel additives tested.
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