June 9, 2019
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Dynamic response and governor tuning of a long penstock pumped-storage hydropower plant equipped with a pump-turbine and a doubly fed induction generator

Publicated to: ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT. 106 151-164 - 2015-12-01 106(), DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2015.09.030

Authors:

Sarasúa, JI; Pérez-Díaz, JI; Wilhelmi, JR; Sánchez-Fernández, JA
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Affiliations

Tech Univ Madrid, Dept Hydraul Energy & Environm Engn, Madrid 28040, Spain - Author

Abstract

In this paper, the dynamic response of a long penstock pumped-storage hydropower plant which is equipped with a single pump-turbine and a doubly-fed induction machine, is analyzed in detail in generating mode. The pumped-storage hydropower plant is connected to a small island power system with thermal generation, and provides load-frequency control under the orders of an automatic generation control system. The output power of the pumped-storage hydropower plant is assumed to be controlled by the rotor-side frequency converter. The unit running speed is controlled by an isochronous PI governor. The dynamic response of the pumped-storage hydropower plant is analyzed by using a linearized reduced order dynamic model, which considers the elastic water column effects in the penstock. Two governor tuning criteria are proposed in the paper: one is devised from the root locus analysis of the plant dynamic model, and the other one is based on a Pareto approach. The proposed tuning criteria are compared with each other and with a recently published tuning criterion through a set of commonly used performance indexes and by means of simulations with a nonlinear dynamic model. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Keywords

DesignFrequency controlHydraulic-turbineHydro power generationLoad-frequency controlModelsPid controllerPower system simulationPower-plantPumped storageSpeed operationStabilitySystemUnitsVariable speed

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2015, it was in position 3/21, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Physics, Nuclear.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 1.55. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 13, 2025)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 3.04 (source consulted: FECYT Mar 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2026-04-04, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 78
  • Scopus: 93
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-04:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 49 (PlumX).
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (SARASUA MORENO, JOSE IGNACIO) and Last Author (SANCHEZ FERNANDEZ, JOSE ANGEL).

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Awards linked to the item

The work presented in the paper has been partially funded by ENDESA under contract P110420511 with Technical University of Madrid, and by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under the project Optimal operation and control of pumped-storage hydropower plants of The National Scientific Research, Development and Technological Innovation Plan 2008-2011 (Ref. ENE2012-32207).
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