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Article has an altmetric score of 7

Grant support

The research has been partially funded by UPM's project 'Tecnologias Avanzadas para la Monitorizacion y Gestion Remota del Trafico Aereo de Vehiculos Pilotados y no Pilotados' (RP1509550C02); by FUNDETEL project 'Tecnologias y Sistemas de Control y Gestion de Trafico Aereo' (GPD.SJC.001), and by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through grant TEC2014-57022-C2-1-R.

Analysis of institutional authors

Jarama, Angel J.Corresponding AuthorLopez-Araquistain, JaimeAuthorDe Miguel, GonzaloAuthorBesada, Juan A.Author

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June 9, 2019
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Complete Systematic Error Model of SSR for Sensor Registration in ATC Surveillance Networks

Publicated to:Sensors. 17 (10): E2171- - 2017-10-01 17(10), DOI: 10.3390/s17102171

Authors: Jarama, Angel J; Lopez-Araquistain, Jaime; de Miguel, Gonzalo; Besada, Juan A

Affiliations

Univ Politecn Madrid, Signals Syst & Radiocommun Dept, E-28040 Madrid, Spain - Author

Abstract

In this paper, a complete and rigorous mathematical model for secondary surveillance radar systematic errors (biases) is developed. The model takes into account the physical effects systematically affecting the measurement processes. The azimuth biases are calculated from the physical error of the antenna calibration and the errors of the angle determination dispositive. Distance bias is calculated from the delay of the signal produced by the refractivity index of the atmosphere, and from clock errors, while the altitude bias is calculated taking into account the atmosphere conditions (pressure and temperature). It will be shown, using simulated and real data, that adapting a classical bias estimation process to use the complete parametrized model results in improved accuracy in the bias estimation.

Keywords

air traffic controlbias estimationmeasurement errorradar modelingAir traffic controlBias estimationMeasurement errorMultitarget bias estimationRadar modelingRefractive-indexSensor fusion

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Sensors due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2017, it was in position 16/61, thus managing to position itself as a Q2 (Segundo Cuartil), in the category Instruments & Instrumentation. Notably, the journal is positioned en el Cuartil Q2 para la agencia Scopus (SJR) en la categoría Electrical and Electronic Engineering.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 2.38, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-17, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 5
  • Scopus: 10
  • Europe PMC: 1
  • Google Scholar: 18

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-17:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 9.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 9 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 6.05.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 5 (Altmetric).
  • The number of mentions on Wikipedia: 1 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (JARAMA PELLICO, ANGEL JOAQUIN) and Last Author (BESADA PORTAS, JUAN ALBERTO).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been JARAMA PELLICO, ANGEL JOAQUIN.