June 27, 2019
Publications
>
Article
No

Zinc application in conjunction with urea as a fertilization strategy for improving both nitrogen use efficiency and the zinc biofortification of barley

Publicated to: JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE. 99 (9): 4445-4451 - 2019-07-01 99(9), DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9681

Authors:

Gonzalez, D; Almendros, P; Obrador, A; Alvarez, JM
[+]

Affiliations

Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicacion, Madrid - Author
UPM, CEIGRAM, ETSI Agron Alimentaria & Biosistemas, Dept Quim & Tecnol Alimentos, Avda Puerta Hierro 2-4, Madrid 28040, Spain - Author

Abstract

© 2019 Society of Chemical Industry BACKGROUND: Intensive cropping systems have caused widespread Zn deficiency, low nutritional quality of cereals and environmental problems. The aim of the microplot field experiment reported in this paper was to assess the option of using Zn in conjunction with urea fertilization in order to reduce N rate and to maintain the yield level and grain quality but minimizing environmental risks. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was cultivated in a calcareous soil under semi-realistic conditions. Combinations of four Zn levels, applied by spraying aqueous solutions of ZnSO 4 , and three N levels, applied by spreading granular urea, were tested. RESULTS: Zn and N showed a synergistic effect, increasing yield and Zn content in all plant parts and protein content in grain. A low Zn dosage of 5 kg ha −1 was sufficient to significantly increase the amount of bioavailable Zn in soil and significantly raise its concentration in plant material and also the protein content in grain. The remobilization of Zn from leaf tissue to grain was dependent on the availability of Zn and was only crucial when its bioavailability was low. CONCLUSIONS: A Zn dosage of 5 kg ha −1 enhanced the agronomic efficiency of N by 15.5 kg grain kg −1 N. The Zn applied to the soil permitted a reduction in the rate of N with only a small decrease in barley grain yield and nutritional value. However, due to the interannual variability in rainfall, which is characteristic of Mediterranean climates, further studies will be necessary to confirm and extend these results. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
[+]

Keywords

agronomic efficiency of nitrogencalcareous soilfield conditionszn availabilityAgronomic efficiency of nitrogenAvailabilityBiofortificationCalcareous soilCropsFertilizersField conditionsGrowthHordeumIronManagementNitrogenNutritional qualityQualitySoilsUreaWheatYieldZincZn availability

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2019, it was in position 8/58, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Agriculture, Multidisciplinary.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 2.19. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 13, 2025)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 2.3 (source consulted: FECYT Mar 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2026-04-24, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 35
  • Scopus: 40
  • Europe PMC: 2
  • Google Scholar: 33
[+]

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-24:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 37 (PlumX).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://oa.upm.es/86224/

As a result of the publication of the work in the institutional repository, statistical usage data has been obtained that reflects its impact. In terms of dissemination, we can state that, as of

  • Views: 108
  • Downloads: 59
[+]

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (GONZALEZ RODRIGUEZ, DEMETRIO) and Last Author (ALVAREZ ALVAREZ, JOSE MANUEL).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been GONZALEZ RODRIGUEZ, DEMETRIO.

[+]