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This study was funded by the Carrasea Project (www.carrasea.org) of the European programme Aquareg (Interreg III-C). We thank to Mar a Soledad Saborido for her assistance in field and laboratory work and to Christine Francis for help in revising the English. We also thank to M. Doval and Y. Pazos (Intecmar, Xunta de Galicia) for providing us the oceanographic data.

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Cid, MiguelCorresponding Author

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February 21, 2022
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Spatial and temporal variations of Chondrus crispus (Gigartinaceae, Rhodophyta) carrageenan content in natural populations from Galicia (NW Spain)

Publicated to:Journal Of Applied Phycology. 24 (4): 941-951 - 2012-08-01 24(4), DOI: 10.1007/s10811-011-9715-y

Authors: Garcia Tasende, Manuel; Cid, Miguel; Isabel Fraga, M.;

Affiliations

CSIC, Inst Ciencias Agr, E-28006 Madrid, Spain - Author
Univ Santiago, Dept Bot, Fac Bioloxia, Santiago De Compostela 15782, Spain - Author
Xunta de Galicia, Conselleria Mar, Serv Planificac, Direcc Xeral Ordenac & Xest Recursos Marinos, Santiago De Compostela 15703, Spain - Author

Abstract

Qualitative and quantitative differences in carrageenan composition of gametophytes and tetrasporophytes of Chondrus crispus were observed in this study. Carrageenans in gametophytes belong to the kappa family (kappa-, iota-, nu- and mu-carrageenan). The dominant fractions were kappa- and iota-carrageenan (more than 50% of the total carrageenans). In tetrasporophytes, the presence of lambda-carrageenan was confirmed. Carrageenan content in gametophytes (37.4 +/- 1.68% DW) was higher than in tetrasporophytes (29.13 +/- 0.76% DW). Spatial and temporal variation in carrageenan content in both life cycle phases appears to be related mainly to seawater and air temperatures, insolation, water movement and desiccation. The highest values of carrageenan content were recorded in those localities where higher values of precipitation, wind speed or water movement occurred. A bimodal temporal pattern on carrageenan content was observed. Fronds showed a high carrageenan content in spring and autumn. During these seasons, the content was over 40% in gametophytes and 30% in the tetrasporophytes. In summer and winter, these values down in both life cycle phases below 30%. In general the highest carrageenan contents were related to highest seawater temperatures. On the contrary, high air temperature and high insolation appeared to be unfavourable for carrageenan production. GLM models were obtained to predict carrageenan production from natural C. crispus populations, along Galician coast.

Keywords

AlgaeCarrageenanChondrus crispusCoastsEnvironmental variablesGametophyteGametophytesGrowthHypnea-musciformisKappaNmr-spectroscopyOceanographic variablesPhasesPhosphorusTetrasporophyte

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Journal Of Applied Phycology due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2012, it was in position 21/100, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Marine & Freshwater Biology.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 1.53, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-27, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 12
  • Scopus: 15

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-27:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 31 (PlumX).

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been CID FERNANDEZ, MIGUEL.