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This work was supported by the following entities: grants SAF 2010-18218 and PID2021-127924NB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033; Centro de Investigacion en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, CB06/05/0066); and CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI) Cajal Blue Brain (PTI-BLUEBRAIN; Spain).

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Ostos, SAuthorAparicio, GAuthorFernaud-Espinosa, IAuthorMunoz, ACorresponding Author

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Quantitative analysis of the GABAergic innervation of the soma and axon initial segment of pyramidal cells in the human and mouse neocortex

Publicated to:Cerebral Cortex. 33 (7): 3882-3909 - 2023-01-01 33(7), DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac314

Authors: Ostos, Sandra; Aparicio, Guillermo; Fernaud-Espinosa, Isabel; DeFelipe, Javier; Munoz, Alberto;

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Abstract

Perisomatic GABAergic innervation in the cerebral cortex is carried out mostly by basket and chandelier cells, which differentially participate in the control of pyramidal cell action potential output and synchronization. These cells establish multiple synapses with the cell body (and proximal dendrites) and the axon initial segment (AIS) of pyramidal neurons, respectively. Using multiple immunofluorescence, confocal microscopy and 3D quantification techniques, we have estimated the number and density of GABAergic boutons on the cell body and AIS of pyramidal neurons located through cortical layers of the human and mouse neocortex. The results revealed, in both species, that there is clear variability across layers regarding the density and number of perisomatic GABAergic boutons. We found a positive linear correlation between the surface area of the soma, or the AIS, and the number of GABAergic terminals in apposition to these 2 neuronal domains. Furthermore, the density of perisomatic GABAergic boutons was higher in the human cortex than in the mouse. These results suggest a selectivity for the GABAergic innervation of the cell body and AIS that might be related to the different functional attributes of the microcircuits in which neurons from different layers are involved in both human and mouse.

Keywords

Action-potential initiationActive dendritic integrationAnimalsAxon initial segmentAxonsBasket cellsCat visual-cortexCell bodyCerebral-cortexChandelier cellChandelier cellsCorticothalamic cellsHumansMiceNeocortexNeuronsPerisomatic inhibitionPostnatal-developmentPyramidal cellsSynapsesSynaptic inputVesicular gaba transporter

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Cerebral Cortex due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2023, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Cognitive Neuroscience.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 2.42, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions May 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-05-31, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 1
  • Scopus: 3
  • OpenCitations: 6

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-05-31:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 9.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 9 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 1.25.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 3 (Altmetric).

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (OSTOS CAMPILLO, SANDRA MARÍA) and Last Author (MUÑOZ CESPEDES, ALBERTO).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been MUÑOZ CESPEDES, ALBERTO.