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Impact on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Analysis of institutional authors

Souto Janeiro ACorresponding AuthorFernandez Lopez AAuthorChimeno Manguán MAuthor

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January 2, 2023
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Three-Dimensional Digital Image Correlation Based on Speckle Pattern Projection for Non-Invasive Vibrational Analysis

Publicated to: SENSORS. 22 (24): 9766- - 2022-12-01 22(24), DOI: 10.3390/s22249766

Authors:

Souto Janeiro, Alvaro; Fernandez Lopez, Antonio; Chimeno Manguan, Marcos; Perez-Merino, Pablo
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Affiliations

Ghent university, Center for Microsystems Technology - Author
IMEC, Technol Pk 126, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium - Author
Univ Ghent, Ctr Microsyst Technol, Technol Pk 126, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid, Dept Aeronaut, Madrid 28040, Spain - Author
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid - Author
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Abstract

Non-contact vibration measurements are relevant for non-invasively characterizing the mechanical behavior of structures. This paper presents a novel methodology for full-field vibrational analysis at high frequencies using the three-dimensional digital image correlation technique combined with the projection of a speckle pattern. The method includes stereo calibration and image processing routines for accurate three-dimensional data acquisition. Quantitative analysis allows the extraction of several deformation parameters, such as the cross-correlation coefficients, shape and intensity, as well as the out-of-plane displacement fields and mode shapes. The potential of the methodology is demonstrated on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle wing made of composite material, followed by experimental validation with reference accelerometers. The results obtained with the projected three-dimensional digital image correlation show a percentage of error below 5% compared with the measures of accelerometers, achieving, therefore, high sensitivity to detect the dynamic modes in structures made of composite material.
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Keywords

3d reconstructionaccuracycomposite materialsfull-field 3-d deformationintensitylaser speckleldvquality assessmentresolutionshearographyspeckle projectionCalibrationComposite materialsFull-field 3-d deformationImaging, three-dimensionalSpeckle projectionStrain-measurementSustainable cities and communitiesThree-dimensional digital image correlationVibration

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal SENSORS due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2022, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Instrumentation.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 1.22. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 13, 2025)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 1.04 (source consulted: FECYT Mar 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2026-04-25, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 12
  • Scopus: 13
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-25:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 13.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 13 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 3.

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://oa.upm.es/93413/
Continuing with the social impact of the work, it is important to emphasize that, due to its content, it can be assigned to the area of interest of ODS 11 - sustainable cities and communities, with a probability of 46% according to the mBERT algorithm developed by Aurora University.
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Belgium.

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Souto Janeiro, Alvaro) .

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Souto Janeiro, Alvaro.

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Project objectives

La aportación persigue los siguientes objetivos principales: desarrollar una metodología novedosa para el análisis vibracional tridimensional mediante correlación digital de imágenes combinada con la proyección de un patrón de moteado; implementar rutinas de calibración estereoscópica y procesamiento de imágenes para la adquisición precisa de datos tridimensionales; extraer parámetros cuantitativos de deformación, incluyendo coeficientes de correlación cruzada, forma, intensidad, desplazamientos fuera del plano y modos propios; demostrar la aplicabilidad del método en el ala de un vehículo aéreo no tripulado fabricado con material compuesto; y validar experimentalmente los resultados mediante acelerómetros de referencia, logrando un error inferior al 5% y alta sensibilidad para detectar modos dinámicos en estructuras compuestas.
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Most relevant results

El estudio presenta una metodología innovadora para el análisis vibracional tridimensional mediante correlación digital de imágenes y proyección de patrón de moteado. Los resultados más relevantes incluyen: la implementación de rutinas de calibración estereoscópica y procesamiento de imágenes que permiten una adquisición precisa de datos tridimensionales; la extracción cuantitativa de parámetros de deformación como coeficientes de correlación cruzada, forma, intensidad y desplazamientos fuera del plano; la demostración experimental en el ala de un vehículo aéreo no tripulado fabricado con material compuesto; y la validación con acelerómetros de referencia que evidenció un error inferior al 5%, confirmando la alta sensibilidad del método para detectar modos dinámicos en estructuras compuestas.
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