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21 de febrero de 2024
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Conferencia Publicada

Cluster microclimate, canopy management and its influence on the berry (size and composition) quality

Publicado en: Bio Web Of Conferences. 68 - 2023-12-06 68(), DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20236801027

Autores:

de la Fuente M; Escott C; del Fresno JM; Loira I; Lissarrague JR; Baeza P; Morata A
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Afiliaciones

Universidad Politécnica de Madrid - Autor o Coautor

Resumen

Sunlight and microclimate inside the clusters' zone are key factors in berry development and must composition. Plant geometry and training system should be joined with a proper sunlight and temperature cluster microclimate and, also in the rest of the plant. Berry temperature can vary between 2 and 10 ºC or even more in inner clusters, depending on their exposure (Spayd et al., 2002). Sunlight, air ventilation within the canopy, temperature cluster and microclimate are affected by the exposure and radiation percentage received by grapes during its growth and maturation period (Deloire and Hunter 2005). In Mediterranean conditions (warm and dry climate), the use of porous systems may help plants establish a better leaf distribution inside this area (de la Fuente et al., 2015), providing more space and enhancing certain physiological processes, both in leaves (photosynthesis, ventilation, transpiration) and berries (growth and maturation). Grapes exposed to direct radiation are more sensitive to ripening and they can even suffer a dehydration process in the Mediterranean regions, where the temperature during the ripening after midday is frequently between 30-35 ºC or higher than 40 ºC (de la Fuente et al., 2015). A key point for well microclimate management inside the canopy is heat flux control, which is usually generated by three factors: surface area (SA) to PAR (direct or indirect) radiation; intensity or thermal value (related to the temperature) and time of exposure (de la Fuente, 2009; de la Fuente et al., 2013). Sprawl systems are non-positioned systems where vegetation is in multidirectional directions. Therefore, as sun position changes along the day, some leaves are first shaded and then others, so the sun leaf exposure decreases (Gutiérrez et al., 2021). The study was conducted in D.O. Uclés vineyards (lat. 39º50'8” N; long. 3º09'48.6” W; elevation 746 m above sea level) during the 2020 season, in cv. Tempranillo. The trial was designed with two training system: Vertical Shoot Positioned (VSP) and Sprawl (SP). Berry sampling was done every three days within the final 15 days before the estimated harvest date. A single sample comprised 100 berries collected from the clusters of the 10 selected vines in each block. Weight, size, must composition (reducing sugar, pH, acidity, volatile acidity, etc.) and skin composition (total and acylated monomeric pigments, TPI) were analysed. Regarding the berry composition, SP accumulated larger concentration of reducing sugars (+7.4%). No statistical differences were observed in the remaining oenological parameters measured in the berries between treatments. Nevertheless, inside total pigments and color parameters, TPI values reached significantly higher (+40%) in the SP vs VSP treatments. In the total concentration of pigments (including the acylated fraction) and pH, no differences were founded. Berry's weight and size showed some relevant differences between treatments. During the end maturity-harvest period, the berry weight (12-11%) and berry size (6-9%) were higher in SP treatment compared to VSP. These results suggest that the SP systems can induce an increment of reducing sugars, and TPI and also, can modulate the berry weight and size, helping to control overripening and berry dehydration processes. Therefore, sprawl systems (SP) represent an alternative to VSP systems in warm areas for achieving an increment of pigments, as well as for better control of the accumulation of reducing sugars, without compromising the harvest yield (higher berry weight and size).
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Palabras clave

Berry compositionBerry sizeSprawlTempranilloTraining system

Indicios de calidad

Impacto bibliométrico. Análisis de la aportación y canal de difusión

El trabajo ha sido publicado en la revista Bio Web Of Conferences, Q4 Agencia Scopus (SJR), su enfoque regional y su especialización en , le otorgan un reconocimiento lo suficientemente significativo en un nicho concreto del conocimiento científico a nivel internacional.

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Impacto y visibilidad social

Desde la dimensión de Influencia o adopción social, y tomando como base las métricas asociadas a las menciones e interacciones proporcionadas por agencias especializadas en el cálculo de las denominadas “Métricas Alternativas o Sociales”, podemos destacar a fecha 2025-12-21:

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Análisis de liderazgo de los autores institucionales

Existe un liderazgo significativo ya que algunos de los autores pertenecientes a la institución aparecen como primer o último firmante, se puede apreciar en el detalle: Primer Autor (DE LA FUENTE LLOREDA, MARIO) .

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