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1 de abril de 2026
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Techno-economic microgrid design methodology for off-grid refugee camps: Kobe camp case study

Publicado en: RENEWABLE ENERGY. 256 124103- - 2026-01-01 256(), DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124103

Autores:

Qiblawey, Yazan; Ramos, Sonia; Alassi, Abdulrahman; Sanchez, Rosario; Mazorra, Javier
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Afiliaciones

Iberdrola Innovat Middle East, Doha 210177, Qatar - Autor o Coautor
Iberdrola SA, Madrid 28033, Spain - Autor o Coautor
Univ Politecn Madrid, Ind Engn Sch, Dept Org Engn Business Adm & Stat, Madrid 28006, Spain - Autor o Coautor
Univ Politecn Madrid, Innovat & Technol Dev Ctr, itdUPM, Madrid 28040, Spain - Autor o Coautor
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Resumen

The use of renewable energy systems in remote refugee camps can provide sustainable access to electricity for communal services (CSs), thereby supporting the services offered to refugees and ensuring clean energy access. Proper sizing of these renewable energy systems helps organizations create electrical systems that benefit the camp community while considering cost optimization. This paper demonstrates the techno-economic sizing of a renewable energy-based electrical system to serve CSs in Kobe Refugee Camp in Ethiopia, where Alianza Shire has been implementing a project since 2021. The paper presents the methodology used to size the electrical system, considering various techno-economic constraints, and shares the lessons learned, including challenges such as limited access to energy consumption data for the CSs in the camp. The work also demonstrates approaches to optimally size the electrical system through three design cases, considering different inputs linked to the capital expenditure (CAPEX) of the project and technical limitations. The results show that the proposed solutions are sensitive to capital costs. Thus, introducing a small capacity shortage significantly reduces the project's capital cost, but it only has a minor impact on energy access during limited durations annually. The presented methodology and outcomes in this paper can be extrapolated by energy practitioners and policymakers to inform the power system design for refugee camps. Moreover, this work contributes to the advancement of Sustainable Development Goal 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), promoting inclusive and sustainable energy solutions for displaced populations.
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Palabras clave

Alternative energyCapitalClean energyCommunal serviceCommunal servicesCost analysisCost benefit analysisDesignDesign methodElectrical systemsElectricityEnergyEnergy economicsEnergy policyEnergy systemsEnergy utilizationEthiopiaExpenditureHumanitarian aidHumanitarian energyLoad profileLoad profilesRefugee campRefugee campsRenewable energiesRenewable energyRenewable energy systemRenewable energy systemsRural electrificationSustainable developmentSustainable development goalSystemsTechnical efficiencyTechno-economics

Indicios de calidad

Impacto bibliométrico. Análisis de la aportación y canal de difusión

El trabajo ha sido publicado en la revista RENEWABLE ENERGY debido a la progresión y el buen impacto que ha alcanzado en los últimos años, según la agencia WoS (JCR), se ha convertido en una referencia en su campo. En el año de publicación del trabajo, 2026, se encontraba en la posición 18/103, consiguiendo con ello situarse como revista Q1 (Primer Cuartil), en la categoría Green & Sustainable Science & Technology.

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Impacto y visibilidad social

Desde la dimensión de Influencia o adopción social, y tomando como base las métricas asociadas a las menciones e interacciones proporcionadas por agencias especializadas en el cálculo de las denominadas “Métricas Alternativas o Sociales”, podemos destacar a fecha 2026-04-07:

  • La utilización de esta aportación en marcadores, bifurcaciones de código, añadidos a listas de favoritos para una lectura recurrente, así como visualizaciones generales, indica que alguien está usando la publicación como base de su trabajo actual. Esto puede ser un indicador destacado de futuras citas más formales y académicas. Tal afirmación es avalada por el resultado del indicador “Capture” que arroja un total de: 3 (PlumX).
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Análisis de liderazgo de los autores institucionales

Este trabajo se ha realizado con colaboración internacional, concretamente con investigadores de: Qatar.

Existe un liderazgo significativo ya que algunos de los autores pertenecientes a la institución aparecen como primer o último firmante, se puede apreciar en el detalle: Último Autor (MAZORRA AGUIAR, JAVIER).

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Reconocimientos ligados al ítem

This publication is supported by Iberdrola S.A. as part of its innovation department research studies. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of Iberdrola Group. In addition, activities on the field and UPM's participation on this document was funded by the Trust Fund for the Horn of Africa of the European Union, through the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation (AECID) , under the project Shire Alliance: Access to energy for Refugee Camps and Host Communities in Ethiopia. The opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent the official opinion of the funders.r views of Iberdrola Group. In addition, activities on the field and UPM's participation on this document was funded by the Trust Fund for the Horn of Africa of the European Union, through the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation (AECID) , under the project Shire Alliance: Access to energy for Refugee Camps and Host Communities in Ethiopia. The opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent the official opinion of the funders.
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