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Article

ANTONIO GAUDI, THE FORERUNNER OF SUSTAINABILITY AND BIOMIMICRY IN ARCHITECTURE, 100 YEARS IN ADVANCE

Publicated to:Architecture, City And Environment. 13 (37): 71-+ - 2018-06-01 13(37), DOI: 10.5821/ace.13.37.5348

Authors: Salas Mirat, Carlos; Bedoya Frutos, Cesar; Adell Argiles, Jose Maria;

Affiliations

Grp Invest TISE, Madrid, Spain. - Author

Abstract

Purpose Sustainability in architecture is one of the major challenges of the twenty-first century. In biomimetic architecture, nature is the model of choice in the quest for sustainability; because it shows us the most environmentally friendly and sustainable models developed over 3.8 billion years of evolution. Antonio Gaudi said that: The architect of the future will build imitating nature, for it is the most rational, long-lasting, and economical of all methods. Gaudi, taking nature as his model, optimises his buildings bioclimatically; he widely uses bricks and tiles. the cheapest materials at the time., he uses local stone, and he takes advantage of waste materials or debris, and optimises the structural design of his buildings. Methodology To assess Gaudis' contributions to sustainability in architecture today, his most significant works have been studied, and bibliographical records have been made of the systems developed by Gaudi to enhance the performance of his buildings in the three fields of sustainability: environmental, economic, and social. Conclusions Gaudi was a great forerunner of sustainability and biomimicry in architecture, and teaches us that buildings conceived as machines for living. by the great architect Le Corbusier. can evolve and become ecosystems in which to live. Originality Gaudis' great artistic and creative talent has been assessed together with his innovative architectural style and his technical and structural innovations; however, his role as a forerunner of sustainability in architecture has not been studied.

Keywords

Bioclimatic architectureEcologyEnvironmental impact

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Architecture, City And Environment due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2018, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q2 (Segundo Cuartil), in the category Architecture.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2025-06-15:

  • WoS: 1
  • Scopus: 5
  • OpenCitations: 4

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-06-15:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 51.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 89 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 3.
  • The number of mentions on Wikipedia: 1 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Salas Mirat, Carlos) and Last Author (ADELL ARGILES, JOSEP MARIA).