June 9, 2019
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Article

Study by Monte Carlo methods of an explosives detection system made up with a D-D neutron generator and NaI(T1) gamma detectors

Publicated to: Applied Radiation And Isotopes. 141 167-175 - 2018-11-01 141(), DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.02.018

Authors:

Cevallos Robalino, Lenin E; Garcia Fernandez, Gonzalo Felipe; Gallego, Eduardo; Guzman-Garcia, Karen A; Rene Vega-Carrillo, Hector
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Affiliations

Univ Autdnoma Zacatecas, Unidad Acad Estudios Nucl, C Cipres 10, Zacatecas 98060, Zac, Mexico - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid, ETS Ingenieros Ind, Dept Ingn Energet, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, E-28006 Madrid, Spain - Author

Abstract

Detection of hidden explosives is of utmost importance for homeland security. Several configurations of an Explosives Detection System (EDS) to intercept hidden threats, made up with a Deuterium-Deuterium (D-D) compact neutron generator and NaI (T1) scintillation detectors, have been evaluated using MCNP6 code. The system's response to various samples of explosives, such as RDX and Ammonium Nitrate, is analysed. The D-D generator is able to produce fast neutrons with 2.5 MeV energy in a maximum yield of 10(10) n/s. It is surrounded by high-density polyethylene to thermalize the fast neutrons and to optimize interactions with the sample inspected, whose emission of gamma rays gives a characteristic spectrum of the elements that constitute it. This procedure allows to determine its chemical composition and to identify the type of substance. The necessary shielding is evaluated to estimate its thicknesses depending on the admissible dose of operation, using lead and polyethylene. The results show that its functionality is promising in the field of national security for explosives inspection.
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Keywords

ammonium nitratedeuterium-deuterium reactionexplosives detectionmcnp6neutron generatorAmmonium nitrateDeuterium-deuterium reactionExplosives detectionMcnp6Neutron generatorRdx

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Applied Radiation And Isotopes due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2018, it was in position 15/34, thus managing to position itself as a Q2 (Segundo Cuartil), in the category Nuclear Science & Technology. Notably, the journal is positioned en el Cuartil Q2 para la agencia Scopus (SJR) en la categoría Radiation.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations from Scopus Elsevier, it yields a value for the Field-Weighted Citation Impact from the Scopus agency: 1.33, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 13, 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-12-21, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 14
  • Scopus: 20
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-12-21:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 25 (PlumX).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://oa.upm.es/55143/

As a result of the publication of the work in the institutional repository, statistical usage data has been obtained that reflects its impact. In terms of dissemination, we can state that, as of

  • Views: 453
  • Downloads: 677
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Mexico.

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Cevallos Robalino, Lenin E.) .

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Cevallos Robalino, Lenin E..

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Awards linked to the item

L. Cevallos-Robalino thanks the National Secretary for Higher Education, Science and Technology of Ecuador (SENESCYT), for the scholarship to carry out postgraduate studies in Madrid, Spain.
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