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Mortality in patients with giant cell arteritis in Spain: results from the ARTESER registry

Publicado en:Arthritis Research & Therapy. 27 (1): - 2025-01-01 27(1), DOI: 10.1186/s13075-024-03468-6

Autores: Molina-Collada J; Domínguez-Álvaro M; Melero-González RB; de Miguel E; Silva-Díaz M; Valero Jaimes JA; González I; Sánchez Martín J; Narváez J; Calvet J; Casafont-Solé I; Román Ivorra JA; Labrada Arrabal S; Vasques Rocha M; Iñiguez CL; Bustabad Reyes MS; Campos Fernández C; Alcalde Villar M; Mas AJ; Blanco R; Silva Fernández L; Egues Dubuc CA; López Domínguez L; Belzunegui JM; Lluch J; Calvo Zorrilla I; Galíndez Agirregoikoa E; Huaylla A; Riesco Bárcena C; Ortiz Sanjuán F; Muñoz Jimenez A; Aguilera Cros C; Ruíz Roman A; Garrido N; Palomeque Vargas A; Serrano Warleta M; Morán Álvarez P; Tortosa Cabañas M; Larena Grijalba C; García Villanueva MJ; Lencastre Da Veiga CG; González-Gay MÁ; Sánchez-Andrade Fernández A; Miranda Filloy JA; Vázquez Rodríguez TR; Álvarez Rivas N; García Porrúa C; Vicente Rabaneda EF; Valero Martínez C; Uriarte-Ecenarro M; Castañeda Sanz S; Monjo-Henry I; Fernandez-Fernandez E; Calvo Allen J; Hernández Hernández V; García Dorta A; García González M; Cacheda AP; Toniolo E; Ibáñez Barcelo M; Ros Vilamajó I; Álvarez de Andrés E; Macia Villa C; Rodríguez Cambrón AB; Cabero del Pozo F; Cruz Valenciano AF; Milena Millán A; Magallares B; Castellví I; Corominas H; Moya Alvarado P; Navarro Angeles VA; Estrada Alarcón PV; Guzman J; Altabás I; Pego JM; Barbazán C; Pérez N; Maceiras F; Hernández Rodríguez I; Calvo Catalá J; Rueda Cid A; Molina Almela C; Camins J; Holgado Pérez S; Riveros Frutos A; Salman Monte T; Lois Bermejo PM; Font Urgelles J; Rodríguez Rodríguez L; Léon Mateos L; Abasolo Alcázar L; Almorza T; Carreira P; Loza Cortina E; Restrepo Vélez J; Gutiérrez Polo R; Garrido Courel L; Paniagua Zudaire I; Horcada Rubio L; del Val del Amo N; Fito Manteca MC; Mendizábal Mateos J; Aldasoro Cáceres V; Pérez Sandoval T; Díez Álvarez E; Moriano Morales C

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Resumen

Objectives: To compare mortality rates between GCA patients and the general population in Spain, and to identify associated factors influencing mortality. Methods: ARTESER, a multicenter registry by the Spanish Society of Rheumatology, includes GCA patients from June 2013 to March 2019. Demographic, clinical, imaging, histological and mortality data were collected retrospectively. Only patients with at least one year of follow-up were included for analysis. The mortality rates were expressed as the number of deaths per 1000 person-years, with 95% confidence interval (CI) by sex and age group. Kaplan-Meier method was performed for survival analysis. The factors influencing mortality were analyzed using Cox regression model. Results: A total of 1200 patients with GCA were analyzed, with a mean (SD) follow-up of 2.18 (1.53) years. The overall five-year cumulative mortality rate (95%CI) was 37.86 (31.75-43.96) per 1000 patients/year. The cumulative mortality rate was significantly higher in males than females (59.04vs29.06; p<0.001). The age- and sex-adjusted cumulative mortality rate was similar to the Spanish general population (19.75vs20.72;p=0.559). In the multivariate analysis, older age (HR 1.11, 95%CI 1.073-1.142) and male sex (HR 1.775, 95%CI 1.214-2.594) were associated with increased mortality. Headache (HR 0.55, 95%CI 0.362-0.843) and high hemoglobin levels (HR 0.85, 95%CI 0.744-0.970) were protective factors against death. Conclusions: The overall five-year age- and sex-adjusted cumulative mortality rate in GCA is similar compared to the general population. Older age and male sex appear to be associated with an increased risk of mortality, whereas headache and high hemoglobin levels might serve as protective factors against death. © The Author(s) 2025.

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