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Effect of beta-alanine and sodium bicarbonate co-supplementation on the body's buffering capacity and sports performance: A systematic review

Publicated to:Critical Reviews In Food Science And Nutrition. 63 (21): 5080-5093 - 2023-01-01 63(21), DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2012642

Authors: Gilsanz, Laura; Lopez-Seoane, Jaime; Jimenez, Sergio L.; Pareja-Galeano, Helios;

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Abstract

Muscle acidification is one of the main factors causing fatigue during exercise, thus compromising performance. The sport supplements beta alanine (beta-A) and sodium bicarbonate (SB) are thought to enhance the effects of the body's buffer systems by reducing H+ concentrations. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the effects of beta-A and SB co-supplementation on the organism's buffering capacity and sport performance. The databases PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus were searched until November 2021 following PRISMA guidelines. Randomized controlled trials, at least single-blind, performed in athletes of any age were considered. Nine studies including a total of 221 athletes were identified for review. Athletes were supplemented with beta-A and SB while they performed exercise tests to assess physical performance and buffer capacity. Five of the nine studies indicated there was some additional improvement in buffering capacity and performance with co-supplementation, while one study concluded that the effect was comparable to the added effects of the individual supplements. According to the results of the studies reviewed, we would recommend beta-A and SB co-supplementation during high intensity exercises lasting between 30 s and 10 min.

Keywords

AcidosisAlkalosisAmino acidsBeta-alanineBuffering capacitiesCapacity performanceCarnosineCarnosine and sport nutritionDietary supplementsErgogenic aidExerciseHumansMetabolismMuscle carnosinePerformanceSingle-blind methodSodium bicarbonateSport performanceSportsSystematic reviewTrainingΒ-alanine

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Critical Reviews In Food Science And Nutrition due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2023, it was in position 7/114, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Nutrition & Dietetics. Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations from Scopus Elsevier, it yields a value for the Field-Weighted Citation Impact from the Scopus agency: 1.27, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 14, 2024)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Field Citation Ratio (FCR) from Dimensions: 2.51 (source consulted: Dimensions May 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-05-28, the following number of citations:

  • Scopus: 9
  • OpenCitations: 4

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-05-28:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 53.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 53 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 14.1.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 9 (Altmetric).

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been LÓPEZ-SEOANE PUENTE, JAIME.